Effect of varying Bi content on the temperature-dependent mechanical, dielectric, and structural properties of nominal Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO₃

Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3 (NBT) with varying Bi content has gained significant interest as a potential new material for solid-oxide fuel cells and oxygen separation membranes because of its excellent oxygen-ion conductivity. In this work, the effect in NBT ceramics compositions Na1/2BixTiO2.25+1.5x, where x = 0.485–0.510, on temperature-dependent mechanical dielectric properties crystal structure been investigated, these applications expose components to high thermal fields. The effects variation phase structural transitions were systematically investigated by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray analyses neutron diffraction at room temperature, situ high-temperature diffraction, permittivity, measurements. In-depth analysis data shows that samples does not alter average NBT; however, behavior latter depend variations associated vacancy concentration. This change transition temperature displays good correlation ferroelastic response content.